- Curettage is a dental procedure that cleans plaque, tartar, and infected tissue from gum pockets.
- Types include subgingival, periodontal, open, and closed curettage, depending on severity.
- It treats gum disease, prevents tooth loss, and improves smile aesthetics.
- The procedure is safe, with only mild, temporary side effects like bleeding or sensitivity.
- Proper aftercare—gentle brushing, avoiding irritants, and follow-up visits—supports healing.
Dental curettage is a treatment method used to address gum diseases by cleaning plaque and tartar from the root surfaces of teeth. This procedure improves gum health, prevents tooth loss, and contributes positively to aesthetics. Curettage is usually performed under local anesthesia and comes in various forms.
What Is Curettage?
Dental curettage involves removing plaque, tartar, and inflamed tissue residues from the root surfaces of teeth by dental professionals. It is also known as root surface debridement. The primary goal is to treat infections forming at the root of the tooth (2–5 mm deep) before they progress. Early intervention is crucial because advancing inflammation may lead to tooth loss. During curettage, local anesthesia is used and often assisted with special laser tools.
What Are the Types of Curettage?
The types of dental curettage vary depending on the severity of the gum disease and the treatment need. Some common types include open and closed curettage, subgingival curettage, and periodontal curettage.
The most frequently used types are:
- Subgingival curettage
- Periodontal curettage
- Open curettage
- Closed curettage
| Type of Curettage | How It Is Performed | When It Is Preferred |
|---|---|---|
| Subgingival curettage | Deep cleaning below the gum line using special instruments | Early to moderate gum disease with pocket formation |
| Periodontal curettage | Removal of plaque and inflamed tissue above and below the gums | Advanced periodontal infections |
| Closed curettage | Non-surgical cleaning without lifting the gums | Mild gum disease and early-stage inflammation |
| Open curettage | Gums are lifted surgically for direct access, then sutured | Severe gum disease with deep periodontal pockets |
Subgingival curettage
Also referred to as deep cleaning, subgingival curettage involves cleaning harmful bacteria, toxins, and infected tissues found in the periodontal pockets using specialized instruments.
Periodontal curettage
This method involves a thorough cleaning of plaque and inflamed tissue both above and below the gum line. It is commonly used in advanced cases of gum disease.
Open curettage
In this surgical procedure, the gums are lifted for better access, and the root surfaces and gum pockets are thoroughly cleaned. After cleaning, the gums are sutured back into place. This approach is typically reserved for severe cases.
Closed curettage
This non-surgical method involves cleaning bacterial plaque without lifting the gums. It is generally preferred for early-stage gum diseases.
Who Needs Curettage?
Curettage is recommended for individuals with gum diseases. It is suitable if there is bleeding, swelling, or infection in the gums; persistent pus discharge; chronic bad breath; accumulated plaque and tartar; exposed tooth roots; or gum sensitivity.
Who Should Avoid Curettage?
Curettage is not recommended for individuals with bleeding disorders, those on blood thinners, pregnant individuals in high-risk trimesters, patients with uncontrolled diabetes or immune system disorders, and those with serious heart conditions. It is also generally avoided in young children.
What Are the Benefits of Curettage?
Today, curettage is performed not only for functional purposes but also for aesthetic reasons. It significantly contributes to oral hygiene and helps create a more attractive smile, also supporting what’s known as “pink aesthetics” (healthy gum appearance).
Key benefits of dental curettage include:
- Treats gum diseases
- Reduces the risk of tooth loss and slows down gum recession
- Restores natural gum color
- Creates a more balanced ratio between teeth and gums, enhancing smile aesthetics
- Eliminates bad breath
- Maintains long-term oral health
Is Curettage Harmful?
There are no significant risks associated with dental curettage. On the contrary, it is a safe and beneficial treatment for oral health. Mild bleeding and sensitivity may occur, but these effects are temporary.
How Is Curettage Performed?
Curettage begins with an oral examination. The dentist assesses the severity of gum disease and may take X-rays. Once the patient is deemed suitable for treatment, the procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Gum pockets are cleaned thoroughly. Post-procedure, mild swelling or bleeding may occur, but this is usually harmless and temporary.
Post-Curettage Care
Proper care after curettage is essential to maintain gum health and support healing. Regular checkups and meticulous oral hygiene are necessary.
Important aftercare tips include:
- Avoid extremely hot, cold, or acidic food and beverages for the first 24 hours
- Take painkillers and antibiotics as prescribed
- Avoid smoking and alcohol
- Brush teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush
- Cold compresses may be used, but should not be applied directly to gums
- Use mouthwash recommended by your dentist
Curettage Treatment Prices 2025
Dental curettage is an effective method for treating gum diseases. Prices vary depending on the treatment type, the patient’s condition, and the services offered at the clinic. For the most accurate price information, consult with the dental professional or clinic for a personalized evaluation.
Frequently Asked Questions About Curettage
Why is curettage performed?
Curettage is performed to treat gum diseases. It removes plaque and tartar buildup beneath the gums, promotes healthy gums, and helps prevent tooth loss.
What are the advantages of curettage?
It prevents tooth loss, eliminates inflammation, removes bad breath, and helps stop gum recession.
How long does curettage take to heal?
Healing usually begins within 2 weeks. In some cases, full recovery may take 4–6 weeks.
How many sessions does curettage require?
Curettage is typically completed in 1 or 2 sessions.
Is curettage a painful procedure?
Since it is done under local anesthesia, the procedure is not painful. However, mild pain, sensitivity, or swelling may be felt for a few days afterward. These effects are temporary and can be managed with painkillers.
What should be considered after curettage?
Avoid hot and acidic foods, brush gently, use mouthwash, apply cold compresses if needed (without direct gum contact), and avoid smoking and alcohol.
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